I think it is common knowledge that US workers produce more per capita. The problem is that US workers don’t get the benefits or income from that productivity.
The weak EUR also reflects this: from 1.2USD for 1EUR to 1.03USD for 1EUR in 10 years time.
EU imports a lot of goods (finished products, raw products, fuels), and doesn’t make many products anyone outside of the EU is interested in buying. Germany’s one major industry used to be cars, but that’s dying now that china does it better and cheaper.
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Cars are important but far from the only thing Germany exports (machinery, chemicals):
https://www.deutschland.de/en/topic/business/germany-in-world-trade-most-important-facts-about-imports-and-exports -
Going through the list quite a big chunk of trade happens with non-EU partners, moat notably US and China bit really from all over the non-EU world https://www.destatis.de/EN/Themes/Economy/Foreign-Trade/Tables/order-rank-germany-trading-partners.pdf?__blob=publicationFile
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